Archived
186 lines
6.0 KiB
Markdown
186 lines
6.0 KiB
Markdown
## 0.必要条件
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在 PVE 系统调整之前，请确保必要的软件包已经安装完成。
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```bash
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## 同步镜像仓库
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apt update
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## 安装系统软件
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apt install htop lm-sensors neofetch fail2ban vim tmux unattended-upgrades apt-listchanges powermgmt-base
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## 安装网络工具
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apt install iperf iperf3 iftop net-tools ethtool
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## 安装CPU调度调整工具
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apt install cpufrequtils
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```
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本篇教程后续命令，均在 SSH 终端下完成。
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## 1.Fail2ban 配置
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安装好 `fail2ban` 后，检查其服务状态：
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```bash
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## 检查 Fail2ban 系统服务状态
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systemctl status fail2ban.service
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```
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在 `Loaded` 行，检查是否存在 `enable` ：
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```bash
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## 参考输出
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● fail2ban.service - Fail2Ban Service
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Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/fail2ban.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
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Active: active (running) since Sat 2022-07-16 05:03:53 CST; 4 days ago
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Docs: man:fail2ban(1)
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Process: 777 ExecStartPre=/bin/mkdir -p /run/fail2ban (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
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Main PID: 792 (fail2ban-server)
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Tasks: 5 (limit: 18904)
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Memory: 13.3M
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CPU: 4min 53.764s
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CGroup: /system.slice/fail2ban.service
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└─792 /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/fail2ban-server -xf start
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Jul 16 05:03:53 hyper systemd[1]: Starting Fail2Ban Service...
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Jul 16 05:03:53 hyper systemd[1]: Started Fail2Ban Service.
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Jul 16 05:03:53 hyper fail2ban-server[792]: Server ready
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```
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其中第1个 `enable` 表示当前服务开机自动启动，第2个 `enable` 表示该软件的默认启用状态。
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如果并非为双 `enable` 状态，需要用一下命名进行调整：
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```bash
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## 开机自启 fail2ban 服务
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systemctl enable fail2ban.service
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## 参考输出
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Synchronizing state of fail2ban.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
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Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable fail2ban
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Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/fail2ban.service → /lib/systemd/system/fail2ban.service.
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```
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执行完成后，再次通过前面的命令检查服务自启状态。
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后续如果想查看 `Fail2ban` 有关 `sshd` 的执行状态，可使用如下命令：
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```bash
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## 检查 sshd 的执行情况
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fail2ban-client status sshd
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## 参考输出
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Status for the jail: sshd
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|- Filter
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| |- Currently failed: 0
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| |- Total failed: 0
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| `- File list: /var/log/auth.log
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`- Actions
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|- Currently banned: 0
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|- Total banned: 0
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`- Banned IP list:
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```
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如果均为0，表示 PVE 系统没有 SSH 错误密码的尝试记录。
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## 2.系统时区配置
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如果在安装 PVE 系统时选错了时区，导致系统时间和北京时间不一致，可以使用以下命令修正：
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```bash
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## 修改系统时区
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timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
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## 检查系统时间
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date -R
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## 参考输出
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Wed, 20 Jul 2022 16:21:28 +0800
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```
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输出结果如果和北京时间一致，则代表修改正确。
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## 3.CPU调度器配置
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安装好 `cpufrequtils` 后，先检查当前 CPU 的调度器：
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```bash
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## 检查 CPU 当前调度器
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cpufreq-info
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## 参考输出
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cpufrequtils 008: cpufreq-info (C) Dominik Brodowski 2004-2009
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Report errors and bugs to cpufreq@vger.kernel.org, please.
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analyzing CPU 0:
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driver: intel_cpufreq
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CPUs which run at the same hardware frequency: 0
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CPUs which need to have their frequency coordinated by software: 0
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maximum transition latency: 20.0 us.
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hardware limits: 800 MHz - 2.90 GHz
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available cpufreq governors: conservative, ondemand, userspace, powersave, performance, schedutil
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current policy: frequency should be within 800 MHz and 2.90 GHz.
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The governor "ondemand" may decide which speed to use
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within this range.
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current CPU frequency is 952 MHz.
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```
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这里面主要关注两个点：
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- driver: intel_cpufreq
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- current policy: governor "ondemand"
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当然还有另外一个命令可以用来显示 CPU 调度器：
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```bash
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## 检查 CPU 当前调度器
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cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor
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## 参考输出
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ondemand
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```
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驱动一般不建议手动调整，而 `governor "ondemand"` 则显示了当前 CPU 的调度器是什么。
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接下来，我们需要了解当前系统的 CPU 支持的调度器有哪些：
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```bash
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## 检查 CPU 调度器支持情况
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cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors
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## 参考输出
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conservative ondemand userspace powersave performance schedutil
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```
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这里有很多种调度器可供选择，至于每种调度器有什么优劣，欢迎大家深度挖掘。
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本教程以使用 `schedutil` 调度器为演示。
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使用 `vim` 编辑器来编辑 `cpufrequtils` 的配置文件：
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```bash
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## 修改 cpufrequtils 配置文件
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vim /etc/init.d/cpufrequtils
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## 找到 GOVERNOR="ondemand" 修改为以下内容
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GOVERNOR="schedutil"
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```
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按 `i` 键进入编辑模式，`esc` 键退出编辑模式，`:wq` 命令保存退出。
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修改完成后，需要重新启动 PVE 服务器来使参数生效。
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PVE 服务器重启完成后记得重新检查当前 CPU 的调度器，看配置文件是否生效。
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这里提供两个命令，分别来实时查看当前 CPU 的频率和内部温度传感器的数值：
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```bash
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## 查看 CPU 当前频率
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watch cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu[0-9]*/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq
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## 查看内部温度
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watch sensors
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``` |